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LET'S TALK SPECIES!
RARE Species (In and Out of Ohio)
African Blackwood: It is an extremely hard wood, strong and stiff, very stable, with a fine texture. Mainly used for custom pool cues, woodwind instruments, knife handles, walking sticks, and carving. African Blackwood is considered one of the world's finest woods for turning. It polishes very well to a smooth, lustrous finish.
Bloodwood: Bloodwood is an exotic wood that is sometimes referred to as cardinal wood, for its obvious beautiful deep rose color. With age its color does darken, but not significantly so it is a great wood to use in intarsia projects. The wood is very dense, with a tight fine, mostly linear grain.
Bocote: It is a beautiful decorative exotic wood growing from Mexico through lower Central America. It is a very good alternative to many of the Rosewood species which are now on CITES restriction, as Bocote is not a Rosewood. It has unique grain patterns from straight lines to swirls to bird's eye figure.
Greenheart: Greenheart lumber has a heartwood that is usually a pale olive green with darker streaking sometimes prevalent. The sapwood is yellowish green which is usually tough to distinguish from the heartwood. Greenheart wood has fine to medium fine grain which varies from straight to interlocking.
Koa: Koa wood is special because of three primary reasons, its beauty, rarity, and symbolic meaning. The beauty of Koa is rooted in its unique grain patterns and a variety of colors. It only grows in Hawaii and has played a significant role in ancient Hawaiian history.
Purpleheart: Purpleheart wood comes from trees within the peltogyne genus, which encompasses more than 20 different species of trees that are native to the tropical rainforests of Central and South America. The trees tend to be large, growing as high as 160 feet tall and developing diameters of up to five feet.
Pink Ivory: If you find this wood, you've found something extremely rare. Pink Ivory is a very dense wood that is strong and stiff making it difficult to work with hand tools. Its hardness makes it ideal for woodturning and carving.
Poisonwood: This is a tree (Metopium toxiferum) of the cashew family that is native to Florida and the West Indies and has compound leaves, greenish paniculate flowers, and orange-yellow fruits and produces a severely irritating sap.
Rosewood (Brazilian) : Brazilian rosewood is perhaps the most sought after tonewood in music-making history, and there's a good reason for that. Visually and sonically, it is, for many, the ne plus ultra. It offers colors ranging from violet to chocolate, and sounds the same way.
Wenge wood: It is a tropical hardwood from a tree species called Millettia laurentii and several other closely related tree types. These species have a medium growth rate.
Zebrawood: It is frequently quartersawn and used as veneer. Other uses include: tool handles, furniture, boatbuilding, and skis. Comments: Sometimes called Zebrano, the wood is strong and stiff, with a fairly high density. However, the wood is much more frequently used for its bold and unique striping.
CONIFEROUS Species (In and Out of Ohio)
Cedar (Eastern Red): If you are looking for a tree to create a windbreak, eastern red cedar is a good choice. It is resistant to extremes of drought, heat and cold. It is tolerant of a wide range of soils – poor dry soil or alkaline soil. It is also tolerant of salt, making it favorable for use near roads, driveways and sidewalks.
Cypress: Cypress trees grow best in full sun, at least eight hours per day. They do not require nutrient-rich soils. They perform best on moist, well-drained soils. The notable exception within this list is the famous swamp dweller, bald cypress, which survives flooded conditions for extended periods of time.
Fir (Balsam): Balsam fir trees are medium-sized evergreen conifers. They are often used as Christmas trees because of their pleasant smell and the fact that their needles remain in place long after the trees have been cut. Their sap, or resin, is used in candles, soap and in manufacturing glue.
Hemlock (Tsuga): Deer will eat hemlock foliage and twigs as high up as they can reach. Porcupines prefer hemlock and will eat the bark and chew off large twigs. If you see scattered hemlock twigs or tips in the snow, look up!!
Pine: Pine trees are considered evergreens because they keep their needles for approximately 2 years. When old needles falls, new needles quickly take their place. Pine tree needles can range in length from 1 inch to 11 inches. Both male and female pine trees produce woody cones.
Spruce (White): The White Spruce will grow, no matter what. This tree is drought tolerant, cold tolerant and able to grow in nearly every soil condition from dry, polluted soils to wet, acidic soils. And it's been called the most beautiful tree in existence.
Yew: tree which has red berrylike fruits, and most parts of which are highly poisonous. Yews are linked with folklore and superstition and can live to a great age; the timber is used in cabinetmaking and (formerly) to make longbows This tree has berry-like fruits and most parts of which are poisonous. Yews are linked with folklore and superstition and can live a long life cycle. The timber is used in cabinetmaking and used to make longbows.
FRUITING Species (In and Out of Ohio)
Apple: Apple Trees are ideal for beginners because they’re easy to plant and maintain. In fact, they’re known as the starter fruit tree. In most cases, your apple tree already boasts several years of growth by the time it arrives at your door or from wherever you have purchased it. This means, you’ll be able to reap the benefits of healthful fruit during the very first year.
Butternut (White Walnut): Butternut, or white walnut, is a medium-sized tree with a short trunk dividing into several ascending limbs that form an irregular or round-topped crown. Leaves are alternate, feather-compound, 10–20 inches long, with sticky hairs on the leaf stalk.
Cherry: Plant cherry trees in a sunny site with good air circulation; avoid planting near larger trees or buildings that will shade the cherries. Ideally, cherry trees should get at least 6 hours of sunlight each day. Cherry trees do best in deep, well-draining soil that has a pH of 6.0-7.0.
Jatoba: This is an extremely strong, shock resistant, and rot resistant wood is commonly used in industrial applications like railroad ties, wooden gears, flooring, and tool handles. It's those same properties that make it desirable for the kind of kitchen utensils that will become family heirlooms.
Olive: These trees are tough!! Equipped to handle drought, sub-zero temperatures, frost and even fire, olive trees are extraordinarily resilient. Their roots are so strong that they can re-grow even when it seems like they've been totally decimated.
Orange: Navel oranges are pretty easy when you live in the appropriate tropical or subtropical climate. In this article, gardeners within these growing zones, as well as the more challenged gardeners that live outside of the ideal regions, will learn how to grow an orange tree.
Pear: Pear trees are relatively easy to grow and winter-hardy in USDA Zones 3-10, and some varieties are suitable for growing even in small spaces and containers.
Pecan: Pecan trees reach maturity at around twelve years old, and they can live as long as 200-300 years (and continue to produce!) when grown in ideal conditions. Pecan tree height typically ranges from 70 to 100 feet, but some trees can grow as tall as 150 feet or higher.
Walnut (Black): Black walnut (Juglans nigra) is considered one of the most valuable trees native to North America. Its wood is valuable for furniture and cabinet making and its edible nuts are harvested for commercial sale.
MANY VARIANT Species (In and Out of Ohio)
Ash (Black): is a medium-sized deciduous tree in the Oleaceae (olive) Family. It is native to eastern Canada and the northeastern United States from western Newfoundland to Northern Virginia and east to Indiana and North Dakota.
Bamboos: Although they may look like trees, they are actually a perennial type plant belonging to the grass Bamboo that has long been part of the Asian-Inspired garden, but some shy away from it for fears that it will become invasive. Many bamboos here in Ohio are invasive.
Bubinga: It is very strong, hard and beautiful. It truly is a unique wood. Bubinga is a very hard and heavy wood. It has a mild blunting effect on cutters. It is very strong but does laser engrave and glues well. It finishes with a beautiful and luxurious luster.
Beech: Beech is considered a hardwood. Hardwoods are trees that typically lose their leaves yearly. They are more dense than softwoods, typically. A good rule of thumb: The more dense the wood, the stronger and more durable it is.
Acacia's: This woods durability means it doesn't scratch easily. Meanwhile, its water-resistant properties means it will not warp readily and is highly resistant to fungus. Like many types of wood, acacia is naturally antibacterial and is therefore safe to use while preparing or serving foods.
Alder: This wood has an excellent reputation for machining and is also a desirable wood for turning. Alder can be nailed without splitting or screwed without pre-drilling. It also glues well and can be sanded to a really smooth finish. Alder is evenly textured, with a subdued grain pattern and has a moderate weight and hardness.
Canary Wood: Otherwise known as Canary Whitewood. These can also be called Tulip trees, Indian Mulberry Morinda Citrifolia. This wood is from the genus Centrolobium.
The American Chestnut: This is a large tree with brown, smooth buds and twigs. This tree can grown upwards of 100 feet in height and 10 feet in diameter. The bark, though brown like the twigs and buds is very uneven consisting of deep furrows and flat-topped ridges in maturity.
Cypress Trees: These are generally not recommended due to their fire prone nature. Consider removing cypress trees within 100' from structures and/or 15' from roadways. If a tree must be maintained in the defensible space zone (within 100' from structures), extreme care should be taken to reduce the associated wildfire hazard.
Gaboon Ebony: This is a very exotic wood that is native to Western Africa. It is an extremely hard, dense and heavy wood with a very fine texture. The sapwood is pink to pale red-brown in color, while the heartwood is a uniform jet-black or black-brown streaked. Gaboon Ebony is somewhat difficult to work with hand and machine tools. However, it is excellent for woodturning and carving. As well, you may see tools and knife handles, door knobs, piano and organ keys and instruments all made from this wood.
Elms: These really mostly grown in the wild near streams and wetlands, so make sure if you are growing them, that the soil is consistently moist. This tree also is tolerant to salty soils. Keep young trees well watered and mulched with bark mulch in order to maintain soil moisture conditions and reduce competition from lawn grass and weeds.
The Balsam Fir: This tree is a native evergreen that is well adapted to the cold climates of the northern United States and Canada. IR's symmetrical spire-like crown, shining dark green color and spicy fragrance have made it a favorite Christmas tree for hundreds of years. The branches are also popular in holiday wreaths and other greenery.
Hemlock: The roots on this tree hold stream banks in place. Their branches shade the water, keeping water temperatures stable, cooler and more oxygenated. A necessary condition for many aquatic species like brook trout. Their dense foliage intercepts precipitation, preventing nutrient run-off and sedimentation.
Shagbark Hickory's: These trees are most often used for their strong wood. The wood of the shagbark hickory is prized for its strength, toughness and flexibility. It is used for shovel handles, sports equipment like baseball bats and is also used for firewood. As firewood, it adds a delicious flavor to smoked meats.
Ipe: Ipe is an exotic hardwood that is naturally resistant to rot and decay. It is 8 times harder than California Redwood and is guaranteed for 20 years without needing any preservatives!
Ironwood (Black): This wood is used for firewood, veneer and small turned objects. Among the heaviest woods on earth, Black Ironwood is found in Southern Florida, making it the heaviest wood in the United States (along with the unrelated Desert Ironwood perhaps being a close second).
Honduran Mahogany: This wood is also referred to sometimes as Genuine Mahogany. It is of the Swietenia genus (unlike some species that are called Mahogany), such as, the less expensive alternative which is African Mahogany (Khaya spp).
Sandalwood: With Sandalwood, it's oil contains antioxidants that help maintain the buoyancy and structure of skin cells with humans. It can also reduce dryness and replenish the moisture in the skin, thus, increasing elasticity.
Sassafras: This is actually a plant. The root bark is used to make medicine. Despite serious safety concerns, sassafras is used for urinary tract disorders, swelling in the nose and throat, syphilis, bronchitis, high blood pressure in older people, gout, arthritis, skin problems and even cancer.
American Sycamore: This wood has been used for years for making butcher blocks, furniture, veneer and interior trim, boxes, crates, flooring and particle and fiberboard. American Sycamore is a good planting choice where a large, fast growing tree is desired.
Teakwood: Teakwood is known for its incredible durability and water resistance. Teak has a high oil content, giving it the highest decay-resistance among all natural wood products. Teak is also used for boat building, yachts, exterior construction, indoor and outdoor furniture, veneer, carvings, frames and so much more!
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